The secrets of battery life
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Batteries are the silent heroes of modern technology, but do you know what happens as they age? In this blog, we take a closer look at the process of battery aging and the factors that influence battery lifespan and performance.
The inevitable process of battery aging
As soon as a new battery is put into use, the aging process begins. A battery consists of usable energy, a rechargeable portion, and a part that permanently degrades over time - often referred to as “rock content.”
This unusable portion gradually increases as the battery ages. In many applications, battery replacement is recommended once the available capacity drops below approximately 80% of the original capacity.
Capacity loss and internal resistance
Low internal resistance allows a battery to efficiently deliver stored energy. When internal resistance increases, the battery becomes less capable of supplying power quickly enough.
As a result, devices may switch off prematurely even though the battery still contains energy.
Lead-acid batteries generally maintain relatively low internal resistance and are therefore well suited for short, high-current power demands. Alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries typically have higher internal resistance.
Self-discharge: a silent form of energy loss
Self-discharge occurs in every battery type. This means the battery gradually loses stored energy, even when not in use.
Lithium and alkaline batteries generally retain their charge better than nickel-based batteries.
Self-discharge increases due to factors such as:
- Battery aging
- The number of charge and discharge cycles
- High ambient temperatures
Voltage cut-off protection
Most portable devices stop using the battery before it is fully discharged. This voltage cut-off protection helps prevent battery damage caused by deep discharge.
Hybrid and electric vehicles often operate within a limited state-of-charge window to maximize battery lifespan and long-term reliability.
How Elfa can support you
Elfa is more than a supplier of batteries and energy solutions. We are a technical partner that helps you select the right battery technology for your application.
Whether you need support with battery lifespan, energy storage, or selecting the right battery chemistry, our specialists are happy to help.
Contact Elfa today to discover the best solution for your application.
